Assessment of level of Job Satisfaction of Nursing Faculty at selected Nursing Colleges, Mangaluru

 

Mrs. Patsey S. Castelino

Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Laxmi Memorial College of Nursing, Mangaluru, Karnataka. India

 

ABSTRACT:

Background: Job satisfaction is the most widely investigated job attitude. Job satisfaction is significant because a person’s attitude and beliefs may affect his or her behavior.¹ if educator is satisfied in teaching then he will teach better but if he is dissatisfied he will not teach effectively. It is very important to measure the satisfaction of educators and students as it will project the quality of education. The findings will be definitely helpful for the educators as well as administrative authorities to make necessary changes where and when required. This will facilitate satisfaction for both educator and students, and then eventually enhance teaching and learning activities.² Objective: To determine the level of job satisfaction of nursing faculty. Methods: A descriptive evaluative approach was used for the study. Hundred nursing faculty who had more than one year of teaching experience were selected from 5 selected nursing colleges of Mangaluru, through purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using a baseline proforma and a rating scale to assess the level of job satisfaction of nursing faculty. Results: Highest percentage (37%) of the nursing faculty was B. Sc. nurses. Highest percentage (47%) of the nursing faculty had more than 2 years of experience. Majority (82%) of the nursing faculty were satisfied with their job. Majority (72.13%) of the nursing faculty were satisfied with the interpersonal relationship at their work place. There was no significant association of level of job satisfaction of nursing faculty with age, educational qualification, teaching experience, designation, monthly income and marital status.

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INTRODUCTION:

Nursing in its context covers both present and future nurses. As Jawaharlal Nehru said “today’s children are tomorrows citizens,” similarly today’s nursing students are the future nurses. So there is a necessity to train these students effectively, so that they will have sound knowledge and can lead the nursing profession effectively in the future.

 

To train these students, nurse educators are must. Nurse educator’s plays a pivotal role in strengthening the nursing work force, serving as role models and providing the leadership needed to implement evidence based practice.²

 

Professional satisfaction is a measure of valuation or an inner estimation or judgment of whether the expectations are met from the profession or not.³ A descriptive comparative study was conducted on satisfaction of nurse educators and student nurses in four nursing institutions in Mangalore. Three hundred and ten student nurses were selected by disproportionate stratified random sampling and 72 nurse educators were selected by purposive sampling technique. Four satisfaction rating scales were used to collect the data on teaching activities of nurse educators and student nurses learning activities. The result of the study showed that the mean percentage of nurse educators satisfaction on teaching activities was 80.85% where as on learning activities of student nurses was 69.76%. The mean percentage of student nurses satisfaction on teaching activities of nurse educators was 63.7%, whereas on self learning was 72.9%. Significant difference (t380 =9.1 p<0.05) was found between the satisfaction of nurse educators and student nurses on nurse educators teaching activities. With regard to learning activities of students there was no significant difference (t380=1.91, p>0.05) between nurse educators and student nurses.²

 

Job satisfaction has been linked to productivity, motivation, absenteeism, tardiness, accidents, mental/ physical health and general life satisfaction. It is influenced by factors such as workplace and physical working conditions. Hence, the environment in which nursing faculty work plays a major role in deciding their job satisfaction.¹ Satisfaction will motivate and dissatisfaction will demotivate the person, and it is true in teaching and learning process also. If educator is satisfied in teaching then he will teach better but if he is dissatisfied he will not teach effectively.² Job satisfaction of nurse faculty has a great impact in the future of nursing in India. This made the present study relevant.

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Design: A descriptive study design

 

Setting:

The study was conducted in selected nursing colleges of Mangaluru: Laxmi Memorial College of Nursing, Indira College of Nursing, Unity College of Nursing, City College of Nursing, Rukmini College of Nursing, Colaco College of Nursing.  

 

Population:

Nursing faculty working in selected nursing colleges of Mangaluru, having more than 1 year of teaching experience

 

Sample size: 100

 

Sampling technique: Purposive sampling

 

Instruments used:

·         Base line Proforma.

·         Rating scale to assess level of job satisfaction of nursing faculty

 

Description of the instrument:

The first section contained 9 items for obtaining the baseline information from nursing faculty regarding their age, gender, religion, educational qualification, teaching experience, designation, monthly income, marital status, type of family. The 5 point rating scale to assess the level of job satisfaction had 6 areas namely; salary and promotion, working condition and facilities, interpersonal relationship, organizational attachment, career advancement, benefits. Job satisfaction scores were arbitrarily divided as satisfied (≥122) and dissatisfied (<122). Content validity of the tool was obtained. Pre-testing of the tool was done to check the clarity of items, ambiguity of the language and feasibility of the tool. The reliability of the tool was established using Cronbach's alpha. The reliability coefficient was found to be 0.8.

 

Data collection method:

Prior to data collection, permission was obtained from the concerned authority for conducting the study. Subjects were selected according to the selection criteria. The average time taken by nursing faculty to answer the tool was 25-30 minutes. Data collection process was concluded by thanking each nursing faculty for their participation and cooperation.

 

RESULTS:

Section A: Description of demographic variables of nursing faculty

·         Majority (63%) of the samples were in the age group of 25-30 years.

·         Majority (78%) of the nursing faculty were female.

·         Majority (65%) of the nursing faculty were Christians.

·         Highest percentage (37%) of the nursing faculty were B. Sc. nurses.

·         Highest percentage (47%) of the nursing faculty had more than 2 years of teaching experience.

·         Majority (64%) of them were assistant lecturers.

·         Highest percentage (42%) of them had monthly income in the range of Rs. 10,001-20,000.

·         Highest percentage (53%) of them were married.

·         Most (92%) of them belonged to nuclear family.

 

Section B: Description of level of job satisfaction of nursing faculty:

The data presented in figure 1 displays the frequency and percentage distribution of level of job satisfaction of nursing faculty

 

Figure 1: Pie diagram showing frequency and percentage distribution of level of job satisfaction among nursing faculty

 

Data in figure 1 shows that majority (82%) of the nursing faculty are satisfied and highest (18%) percentage are dissatisfied with their jobs.

 

Table 1: Range, Mean, median, standard deviation of level of job satisfaction of nursing faculty N=100

Variable	Range	Mean	Median	Standard deviation
Level of job satisfaction	69-224	154.96	151	32.54

 

Data in Table 1 shows that the job satisfaction scores of nursing faculty ranged from 69- 224, with mean 154.96, median 151 and standard deviation 32.54.

 

Section C: Description of area wise level of job satisfaction.

 

Figure 2: Bar diagram showing area wise mean percentage of level of job satisfaction of nursing faculty

 

Data presented in figure 2 shows that majorities (72.13%) of the nursing faculty were satisfied with the interpersonal relationship and highest percentage (49.88%) are satisfied with the salary and promotion policy.

 

Section D: Description of association of level of job satisfaction of nursing faculty with selected demographic variables

Chi square was used to calculate association of level of job satisfaction with demographic variables.

 

Table 2: Chi square test showing association of level of job satisfaction of nursing faculty with selected demographic variables

N=100

Variables	χ2Value	df	P value	Inference
Age Educational qualification Teaching experience Designation Monthly income Marital status	2.71 5.86   4.72 8.78 5.26 1.05	4 3   3 4 4 1	p>0.05 p>0.05   p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05	Not Significant Not Significant   Not Significant Not Significant Not Significant Not Significant

 

Data in table 2 shows that there is no significant association of level of job satisfaction of nursing faculty with their age, educational qualification, teaching experience, designation, monthly income and marital status.

 

DISCUSSION:

In this study, majority (82%) of the nursing faculty were satisfied with their jobs and highest (18%) percentage of them were dissatisfied. The study showed that highest percentage were dissatisfied with their salary and promotion as they were not given adequate salary and promotion.

 

A study was conducted to assess job satisfaction of nursing faculty at selected colleges of nursing in Bengaluru with a view to develop a booklet on job satisfaction. Overall job satisfaction was found to be 44.47%, subscale wise assessment revealed 47.8% were satisfied with payment, 50% were satisfied with promotion, 43.66% were satisfied with supervision, 45.41% with fringe benefit, 43.33% with contingent reward, 37.27% with operating conditions, 51.66% with co-workers aspect, 41.45% nature of work, 56.25% with communication aspect. Contrary to the above study findings, least percentage were satisfied with the operating conditions.⁴

 

The present study showed that there was no significant association of level of job satisfaction with demographic variables like age, educational qualification, teaching experience, designation, monthly income and marital status.

 

Contrary to the above findings, in a study that was conducted in Bengaluru among nursing faculty, it was found that there was significant association between level of job satisfaction with gender and designation.⁴

 

RECOMMENDATIONS:

A comparative study can be conducted to assess the level of job satisfaction between nursing and medical staff.

 

CONCLUSION:

Job satisfaction also affects a person’s general wellbeing for the reason that people spend good part of the day at work. Consequently, if a person is dissatisfied with his work, this could lead to dissatisfaction in other areas of his life. High job satisfaction has been positively associated with improved productivity of the employees as well as retention of employees. On the other hand, job dissatisfaction has been linked with nurse educators leaving the profession and resulting in shortage of nurse educators. The findings of the study concluded that majority of the nursing faculty were satisfied with the interpersonal relationship at their work place. They could be more satisfied if the management of nursing colleges focused more on their salary and promotion. It is better if the job satisfaction of faculty is assessed periodically so that the management can take remedial measures to make their employees happy and productive.

 

REFERENCES:

1.        Redmond BF. Job satisfaction. Available from: URL: https://wikispaces.psu.edu/display/PSYCH484/11.+Job+Satisfaction

2.        Balarama VR. D’Souza J. Teaching and learning activity- satisfaction of nurse educators and student nurses. International Journal of Nursing Education 2013;5:2-4

3.        Mehta RS. Professional satisfaction among pass out B. Sc. nursing graduates of B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal. Journal of Policy Studies 2005; 35:65-79.

4.        Sudhir M. Job satisfaction of nursing faculty in Bangalore. The nursing journal of India.2011;102(2):42-4

 

 

 

 

Received on 16.02.2017          Modified on 20.03.2017

Accepted on 28.03.2017          © A&V Publications all right reserved